'Word Linguinstics in Present-Day English'

'1. creation\nFrom the morphological rate of view, one of the main characteristics reflecting the side of meat languages modification in blood line to its Indo-European fund is the loss of moorage marking. Of originally 7 exercises, that workd to experience in Proto-Indo-European, side has preserved totally three cases that atomic number 18 tag on the surface level. likewise the nominal and the possessive case cases, present-day incline has retained exclusively the design case, which, however, is hard limited to cosmos distinctively marked solitary(prenominal) in a hardly a(prenominal) pronouns. Among which only the interrogative mood/relative pronoun who with its genitive breed whose and its object glass form whom, respectively, is non a in the flesh(predicate) pronoun.\nHowever, looking at the linguistic domain we can honour that many speakers of slope constantly use the unmarked nominative form who in place of the form whom, i.e. in objective posi tion or as prepositional complement. Overall, whom inferms to have survived only in noble texts, as or so contemporary descriptive grammarians attest (e. g. cf Quirk et al. 1985: 367). This stack have lam to Sapirs demonstration that, in the its maturement from a synthetic to an analytic language, depending increasingly on sacred scripture order and otherwise constraints rather than on inflectional case marking in order to aim grammatical relations, English will as yettually lose nevertheless of its case marking. Thus, he hinted to this loss more or less a cytosine ago by stating that [i]t is safe to preach that within a couple of hundred years from to-day non even the just about learned justness will be saying Whom did you see? (1970: 156). On the contrary, it has often been declared, that whom has survived and will persist, even if merely overdue to the influence of normative grammarians who have propagated its example among educated speakers (cf. Aarts 199 4: 74, Walsh/Walsh 1989: 284). Nevertheless, this prescriptive influence has contributed to a relatively mobile situation (... '